LOS ANGELES, Feb. 18 (Xinhua) -- In response to sensing an unexpectedly low battery voltage, Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO), at Mars since 2006, put itself into a precautionary standby mode this week, according to the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).
The orbiter already has worked more than double its planned mission life since launch on August 12, 2005. It reached Mars and went into orbit on March 10, 2006. Since then, it has returned more data than all other past and current interplanetary missions combined, with a tally of more than 317 terabits so far. NASA plans to keep using the spacecraft past the mid-2020s.
The spacecraft is solar-powered but relies on a pair of nickel-hydrogen batteries during periods when it is in the shadow of Mars for a portion of each orbit. The two are used together, maintaining almost identical charge during normal operations.
The spacecraft remains in communication with Earth and has been maintaining safe, stable temperatures and power, but has suspended its science observations and its service as a communications relay for Mars rovers. Normal voltage has been restored, and the spacecraft is being monitored continuously until the troubleshooting is complete.
"We're in the diagnostic stage, to better understand the behavior of the batteries and ways to give ourselves more options for managing them in the future," MRO Project Manager Dan Johnston of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) was quoted as saying in a news release. "We will restore MRO's service as a relay for other missions as soon as we can do so with confidence in spacecraft safety -- likely in about one week. After that, we will resume science observations."
The mission met all its science goals in a two-year primary science phase. Five extensions, the latest beginning in 2016, have added to the science returns.
MRO is a critical element for NASA's Mars Program to support other missions for the long haul, so the mission team is finding ways to extend the spacecraft's longevity.
The longevity of the mission has given researchers tools to study seasonal and longer-term changes on Mars. Among other current activities, the orbiter is examining possible landing sites for future missions to Mars and relaying communications to Earth from NASA's two active Mars rovers.